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<h1 class="article-header__title js-article-title js-page-title">17 hitos de la vida del Rebe Anterior, Rabi Iosef Itzjak Schneerson</h1>
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</section><section><h2>1. Nació en Lubavitch el 12 de Tamuz de 1880</h2>
<p>El sexto Rebe de Jabad, Rabí Iosef Itzjak Schneersohn, nació el 12 de <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="35641">Tamuz</span> de 5640 (1880), en la aldea de <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="30864">Lubavitch</span>, sede del movimiento desde 1813.</p>
<p>En 1883, su padre, Rabí Shalom Dov Ber, se convirtió en Rebe. Durante gran parte de la infancia de Iosef Itzjak, su padre estuvo atendiendo asuntos comunitarios y defendiendo a los judíos oprimidos de Rusia.</p>
<p>Al ser hijo único, formó una relación muy profunda con su abuela, la Rebetzin <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="35063">Rivka</span>, esposa del cuarto Rebe, Rabí <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="33661">Shmuel</span> de <a href="/library/article_cdo/aid/244369/jewish/About-Chabad-Lubavitch.htm" title="About Chabad-Lubavitch">Lubavitch</a>.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1024/aKmS10247628.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1" alt="Map of the city of Lubavitch with the Rebbe&amp;#39;s court and yeshivah in its heart." title="Map of the city of Lubavitch with the Rebbe&amp;#39;s court and yeshivah in its heart." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1024/aKmS10247628.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1 500w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1024/aKmS10247628.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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Map of the city of Lubavitch with the <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="35145">Rebbe</span>'s court and <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="31312">yeshivah</span> in its heart.
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</section><section><h2>2. Es conocido como Raiatz y Fridiker Rebe.</h2>
<p>Al igual que su padre, abuelo y otros antecesores, era conocido por el acrónimo de su título y nombre, Raiatz, <b>Ra</b>bí <b>I</b>osef <b>Itz</b>jak. Después de su fallecimiento y la ascensión del séptimo Rebe al liderazgo de Jabad, se hizo conocido como el Fridiker Rebe, idish para "Rebe anterior".</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/HtLP11599758.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D" alt="Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak as a young man." title="Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak as a young man." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/HtLP11599758.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D 685w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/HtLP11599758.jpg?_i=_nF2BB495DED96754E4660F69A3A9F4712 640w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/HtLP11599758.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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Rabbi <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="35563">Yosef</span> <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="31872">Yitzchak</span> as a young man.
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</section><section><h2>3. Escribió extensa y descriptivamente</h2>
<p>Animado por <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="36667">Reb</span> <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="35047">Nisan</span>, su maestro de la infancia, Rabí Iosef Itzjak escribió abundantes diarios, en los que narra las historias que escuchó de su padre, sus maestros, su abuela y los ancianos jasidim, así como diferentes eventos de su vida.</p>
<p>Bendecido con una prosa rica y colorida, usó el idish y el hebreo para ilustrar con destreza retratos de la vida jasídica.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/KvKX11599776.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D" alt="Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak at his desk, writing (Riga, 1929)." title="Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak at his desk, writing (Riga, 1929)." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/KvKX11599776.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D 685w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/KvKX11599776.jpg?_i=_nF2BB495DED96754E4660F69A3A9F4712 640w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/KvKX11599776.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak at his desk, writing (Riga, 1929).
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</section><section><h2>4. Fue decano de Tomjei Temimim</h2>
<p>A los 15 años, fue nombrado secretario personal de su padre, cargo que lo llevó a reuniones rabínicas, conferencias políticas y otras actividades públicas de su padre.</p>
<p>El día 13 de <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="35787">Elul</span> 5657 (1897), a la edad de diecisiete años, Rabí Iosef Itzjak Schneersohn se casó con Nejama <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="36429">Dina</span> Schneersohn, una pariente lejana. Durante el sheva brajot (celebraciones posteriores a la boda), se anunció la fundación de Tomjei Temimim, la Ieshivá de Jabad, abriría en Lubavitch con Rabí Iosef Itzjak como director. La Ieshivá y sus diferentes filiales en otras ciudades produjeron cientos de rabinos y líderes, cuyo liderazgo serviría para preservar el judaísmo en los difíciles años que se avecinaban.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/dqOi11599731.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1" srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/dqOi11599731.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1 500w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/dqOi11599731.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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</section><section><h2>5. Él y su esposa tuvieron tres hijas.</h2>
<p>Rabí Iosef Itzjak y su esposa tuvieron tres hijas, Jana, Jaia Mushka y Shaina. Jana se casó con el rabino Shmariahu Gourarie en 5681 (1921), Jaia Mushka se casó con el rabino Menajem Mendel Schneerson (quien se convertiría en el Rebe) en 5689 (1928). Shaina, la más joven, se casó con el rabino Menajem Mendel Horenstein en 5692 (1932).</p>
</section><section><h2>6. Se convirtió en Rebe durante una época tumultuosa</h2>
<p>La revolución bolchevique marcó el comienzo de una era oscura y terrible para los judíos en la recién formada Unión Soviética. Se cerraron sinagogas y escuelas judías, y cualquiera que se atreviera a intentar preservar el judaísmo era arrestado y condenado a trabajos forzados o peor. El 2 de <a href="/parshah/article_cdo/aid/2842/jewish/Our-Other-Head.htm" title="Our Other Head">Nisan</a>, 5680 (1920), falleció Rabí Shalom Dov Ber, dejando a su hijo como guía de los judíos rusos en una situación cada vez más desesperada. La gente esperaba que se alejara de la tarea, pero Rabí Iosef Itzjak lideró con valentía a la judería rusa mientras luchaba por su propia existencia.</p>
<p>En pocos años, fundó sinagogas, mikves, Ieshivot, incluida una en Bukhara para judíos sefardíes.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1155/rNEK11551881.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D" alt="Bukharan children engage in Torah study (credit: Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky)" title="Bukharan children engage in Torah study (credit: Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky)" srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1155/rNEK11551881.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D 685w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1155/rNEK11551881.jpg?_i=_nF2BB495DED96754E4660F69A3A9F4712 640w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1155/rNEK11551881.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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Bukharan children engage in <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="35052">Torah</span> study (credit: Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky)
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</section><section><h2>7. Fue condenado a muerte</h2>
<p>Incluso cuando los jasidim estaban siendo arrestados y sentenciados a trabajos forzados o al pelotón de fusilamiento, Rabí Iosef Itzjak los alentó a seguir adelante, liderando con su propio ejemplo implacable. Fundó una amplia red de instituciones judías clandestinas a lo largo de la Unión Soviética, así como en Polonia y Estados Unidos.</p>
<p>Él y su ejército de jasidim convertidos en proscriptos jugaron al gato y al ratón con la Policía Secreta Soviética y la Yevsektsiya (la sección judía del Partido Comunista Soviético, que finalmente fue eliminada por Stalin cuando dejó de ser útil).</p>
<p>En 1927, el Rebe fue arrestado en su casa de Leningrado y puesto en confinamiento solitario en la infame prisión de Spalerno, acusado de actividades contrarrevolucionarias. Era la séptima vez que lo encarcelaban, cinco veces por el gobierno zarista y una antes por los soviéticos, pero los cargos eran mucho más severos que antes, y el Rebe fue condenado a muerte.</p>
<p>Después de una oleada de protestas internacionales, la sentencia fue conmutada por 10 años de trabajos forzados en el campo de prisioneros de la isla Solovetsky, descrito como "la madre del Gulag", y luego por tres años de exilio en Kostroma, 300 km al noreste de Moscú.</p>
<p>Luego, el 12 de <a href="/library/article_cdo/aid/2263474/jewish/Tammuz.htm" title="The Hebrew Month of Tammuz">Tamuz</a>, en el día de su 47 cumpleaños, se le informó que estaba libre. Este día quedó consagrado como celebración en Jabad.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/969/gsDv9691271.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1" alt="Spalerno Prison." title="Spalerno Prison." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/969/gsDv9691271.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1 500w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/969/gsDv9691271.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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Spalerno Prison.
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</section><section><h2>8. Fue el único Rebe de Jabad que visitó Tierra Santa.</h2>
<p>Varios meses después de su liberación, Rabí Iosef Itzjak y su familia dejaron la Unión Soviética rumbo a Riga, Letonia, donde estableció una Ieshivá, mientras mantenía canales clandestinos de contacto y apoyo para los judíos atrapados en la Unión Soviética.</p>
<p>Mientras estaba en Rusia, el Rebe rezaba en las tumbas de sus antepasados, los Rebe de Jabad. En 1929 viajó a Tierra Santa para rezar en los lugares sagrados, el <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="34792">Kotel</span>, la Cueva de los Patriarcas y las tumbas de los grandes sabios.</p>
<p>Grandes multitudes se reunieron para saludarlo y recibir una bendición de quien se había enfrentado al comunismo y salido victorioso.</p>
<p>Visitó la comunidad judía de Hebrón, donde Jabad tenía presencia histórica, y fue conducido a la Cueva de los Patriarcas. Partió dos días antes de los disturbios árabes de 1929, en los que decenas de judíos fueron masacrados en Hebrón y Jerusalén. Entre las casi 70 víctimas se encontraban varios familiares y discípulos del Rebe.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/NmDj11599764.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D" alt="A poster heralding Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak&amp;#39;s arrival to Jerusalem, signed by the chief rabbinate of Israel." title="A poster heralding Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak&amp;#39;s arrival to Jerusalem, signed by the chief rabbinate of Israel." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/NmDj11599764.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D 685w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/NmDj11599764.jpg?_i=_nF2BB495DED96754E4660F69A3A9F4712 640w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/NmDj11599764.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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A poster heralding Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak's arrival to <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="31049">Jerusalem</span>, signed by the chief rabbinate of <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="34069">Israel</span>.
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</section><section><h2>9. Fue el único Rebe que se reunió con un presidente de EE. UU.</h2>
<p>Desde Tierra Santa, el Rebe llegó a los Estados Unidos, donde recibió una bienvenida oficial en Nueva York, y el comisionado de policía le concedió la llave de la ciudad, en nombre del alcalde. Cientos de rabinos y líderes recibieron al Rebe y tuvieron sus audiencias personales.</p>
<p>También visitó otras ciudades llegando hasta Saint Louis y Milwaukee. En cada lugar, alentó a los judíos estadounidenses a aumentar su observancia y fortalecer el judaísmo.</p>
<p>Durante esta visita, el Rebe también fue recibido por el presidente Hoover en la Casa Blanca.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/bzGG11599800.jpeg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D" alt="Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak&amp;#39;s Latvian passport, issued in 1934." title="Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak&amp;#39;s Latvian passport, issued in 1934." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/bzGG11599800.jpeg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D 685w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/bzGG11599800.jpeg?_i=_nF2BB495DED96754E4660F69A3A9F4712 640w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/bzGG11599800.jpeg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak's Latvian passport, issued in 1934.
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</section><section><h2>10. Dio poder a las mujeres y los jóvenes</h2>
<p>En una era en la que el liderazgo comunitario era solo para hombres, Rabí Iosef Itzjak empoderó a las mujeres para formar grupos de estudio de la Torá y activismo. Mientras aún estaba en Europa, fundó el grupo Ajot Hatemimim para mujeres jóvenes.</p>
<p>En los Estados Unidos, fundó los grupos de Mesibos Shabat, en los que jóvenes vivían el judaísmo en un ambiente divertido.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1024/Efet10247623.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1" srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1024/Efet10247623.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1 500w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1024/Efet10247623.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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</section><section><h2>11. Sus enseñanzas fueron sinceras y variadas</h2>
<p>Los escritos de Rabí Iosef Itzjak comprenden tratados jasídicos de alta complejidad, pero también escritos más simples (a menudo en idish) dirigidos a hombres y mujeres que carecían de conocimientos previos pero que necesitaban inspiración de la Torá.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/nTeX11599769.jpg?_i=_nC1ECE1F0A70FC6FC57338383A8665B69" alt="A collection of Yiddish discourses from the first part of the 1940&amp;#39;s." title="A collection of Yiddish discourses from the first part of the 1940&amp;#39;s." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/nTeX11599769.jpg?_i=_nC1ECE1F0A70FC6FC57338383A8665B69 418w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 418px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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A collection of <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="32541">Yiddish</span> discourses from the first part of the 1940's.
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</section><section><h2>12. Escapó de la Varsovia ocupada por los nazis</h2>
<p>De regreso a Europa, Rabí Iosef Itzjak se estableció en Varsovia, Polonia, en 1934, donde había fundado una Ieshivá. Después de que Alemania declaró la guerra a Polonia, sobrevivió al bombardeo de Varsovia entre las masas apiñadas y aterrorizadas. Después de que los nazis entraron en la ciudad, los jasidim en los EE. UU, intentaron a través de canales diplomáticos llevar al Rebe a los Estados Unidos.</p>
<p>Con algunos contactos dentro del liderazgo alemán, (incluyendo al almirante Wilhelm Canaris, jefe de la Abwehr, la agencia de inteligencia alemana), tuvieron éxito, y el Rebe con su familia se trasladaron a Berlín desde ahí a Riga, luego a Estocolmo y finalmente a Nueva York, donde llegaron el 9 de <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="36191">Adar</span>, 5700 (1940).</p>
<p>El Rebe dejó atrás a dos de sus hijas. Jaia Mushka y su esposo, el futuro Rebe, que llegaron a Estados Unidos un año después. Shaina, su esposo y su hijo que murieron en Treblinka.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/969/RLcN9691262.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E65CE7A980FD09CB98" alt="Standing on the train before his departure for Kostroma, the Rebbe delivered a stirring address to the many chassidim who had flocked to the Leningrad station to see him off." title="Standing on the train before his departure for Kostroma, the Rebbe delivered a stirring address to the many chassidim who had flocked to the Leningrad station to see him off." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/969/RLcN9691262.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E65CE7A980FD09CB98 489w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/969/RLcN9691262.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 489px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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Standing on the train before his departure for Kostroma, the Rebbe delivered a stirring address to the many chassidim who had flocked to the Leningrad station to see him off.
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</section><section><h2>13. Se esforzó por construir el judaísmo en Estados Unidos.</h2>
<p>En su primer día en los Estados Unidos, le aconsejaron que frenara sus expectativas sobre la vida judía en el país, donde la adaptación cultural había desplazado a la Torá y la tradición. Llorando, el Rebe declaró <i>Amerike iz nit andersh</i>, "América no es diferente". Esa noche, fundó la Ieshivá Tomjei Temimim en Nueva York.</p>
<p>En unos pocos años, había sucursales de la Ieshivá en distintas ciudades a lo largo de la costa este y se habían sembrado las semillas para el crecimiento del judaísmo en el hemisferio occidental.</p>
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<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1016/JKMw10165407.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1" alt="The Jewish Record: “Lubavitcher Rebbe to Arrive in St. Louis May 4 at 1:30. Huge Crowd Expected at Union Station” (Courtesy Hebrew Union College)" title="The Jewish Record: “Lubavitcher Rebbe to Arrive in St. Louis May 4 at 1:30. Huge Crowd Expected at Union Station” (Courtesy Hebrew Union College)" srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1016/JKMw10165407.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1 500w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1016/JKMw10165407.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
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The Jewish Record: “<span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="21077">Lubavitcher Rebbe</span> to Arrive in St. Louis May 4 at 1:30. Huge Crowd Expected at Union Station” (Courtesy Hebrew Union College)
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</div>
</section><section><h2>14. El Rebe superó importantes desafíos de salud</h2>
<p>Cuando llegó a Estados Unidos, estaba físicamente debilitado, por las torturas que sufrió en la prisión rusa. En silla de ruedas e incapaz de hablar con claridad, el Rebe no pudo dirigirse a grandes multitudes como antes. Sin embargo, a través de correspondencia y reuniones personales, continuó dirigiendo las instituciones dedicadas a reforzar el judaísmo en todas partes.</p>
<div align="center" class="imagetable w96 margin05 widen img500" width="500" >
<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/myQc11599728.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1" srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/myQc11599728.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1 500w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/myQc11599728.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
</div>
</section><section><h2>15. Sus instituciones abrieron el camino</h2>
<p>Con la llegada de su yerno y futuro sucesor, Rabí Iosef Itzjak fundó tres instituciones que dirigió Rabí Menajem Mendel: Merkos LInionei Jinuj (el brazo educativo de Jabad Lubavitch), la editorial Kehot y Majane Israel (el centro social).</p>
<p>A través de estas instituciones, se pudo acercar el judaísmo a comunidades alejadas y a judíos de los pueblos y ciudades pequeñas.</p>
<p>Durante la década de 1940, envió a estudiantes de ieshivá a visitar las comunidades más pequeñas, llevando libros, revistas, artículos rituales para sostener la vida judía.</p>
<p>Hoy el programa es conocido como Merkos Shlijus, envía estudiantes cada verano y para las fiestas.</p>
<div align="center" class="imagetable w96 margin05 widen img500" width="500" >
<div class="imagecell">
<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1024/UsrU10248334.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1" alt="The Rebbe with his father-in-law, the Previous Rebbe." title="The Rebbe with his father-in-law, the Previous Rebbe." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1024/UsrU10248334.jpg?_i=_n32DD4A5CE5B405756B86D11830CBE5B1 500w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1024/UsrU10248334.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
</div>
<div class="captioncell">
<div>
The Rebbe with his father-in-law, the Previous Rebbe.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><section><h2>16. Sus esfuerzos se extendieron al norte de África</h2>
<p>En 1948, el Rebe estableció Kfar Jabad, una nueva aldea jasídica en el centro de Israel. Para recibir a los judíos que estaban en campos de refugiados en Europa de postguerra.</p>
<p>En poco tiempo, se convirtió en el centro de la actividad jasídica de Jabad para toda la Tierra Santa.</p>
<p>En 1950, pocas semanas antes de su fallecimiento, fundó Jabad en el norte de África, en Túnez y Marruecos, centros que fueron llamados póstumamente “Ohalei Iosef Yitzjak” en su honor.</p>
<div align="center" class="imagetable w96 margin05 widen img500" width="672" >
<div class="imagecell">
<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1160/eFRJ11600233.jpg?_i=_n0F283A8E06A6DF45F583EC49E466D6E8" alt="Rabbi Nissan Pinson, a pioneering Chabad activist in Tunisia, hears some young students recite their lessons at the yeshiva in Djerba, Tunisia (credit: Jean Mohr/JDC)." title="Rabbi Nissan Pinson, a pioneering Chabad activist in Tunisia, hears some young students recite their lessons at the yeshiva in Djerba, Tunisia (credit: Jean Mohr/JDC)." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1160/eFRJ11600233.jpg?_i=_n0F283A8E06A6DF45F583EC49E466D6E8 672w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1160/eFRJ11600233.jpg?_i=_nF2BB495DED96754E4660F69A3A9F4712 640w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1160/eFRJ11600233.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
</div>
<div class="captioncell">
<div>
Rabbi <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="33897">Nissan</span> Pinson, a pioneering <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="33730">Chabad</span> activist in Tunisia, hears some young students recite their lessons at the <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="32449">yeshiva</span> in Djerba, Tunisia (credit: Jean Mohr/JDC).
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><section><h2>17. Falleció en 1950</h2>
<p>En la mañana de Shabat del 10 de <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="33947">Shevat</span> de 5710 (1950), Rabí Iosef Itzjak falleció a la edad de 70 años. Su vida estuvo marcada por mesirut <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="33765">nefesh</span>, la entrega absoluta por el prójimo y la difusión del judaísmo, su legado fue ampliado por su sucesor, el séptimo Rebe.</p>
<div align="center" class="imagetable w96 margin05 widen img500" width="685" >
<div class="imagecell">
<img src="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/lKcM11599761.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D" alt="The last known photograph of Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak, taken on Chanukah, six weeks before his passing." title="The last known photograph of Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak, taken on Chanukah, six weeks before his passing." srcset="https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/lKcM11599761.jpg?_i=_n504BC99DD0473598AAE3BCDC5D75568D 685w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/lKcM11599761.jpg?_i=_nF2BB495DED96754E4660F69A3A9F4712 640w, https://w2.chabad.org/media/images/1159/lKcM11599761.jpg?_i=_n76B3E6A404D908E662A1538A4A879637 480w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 685px, 100vw" loading="lazy" />
</div>
<div class="captioncell">
<div>
The last known photograph of Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak, taken on <span class="glossary_item" glossary_item="32100">Chanukah</span>, six weeks before his passing.
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if (typeof(glossary_items) == 'undefined') glossary_items={};glossary_items['g_21077']={word: 'Lubavitcher Rebbe', text: ['Rabbi <a href=\"/rebbe\">Menachem Mendel Schneerson</a>, of righteous memory (1902-1994); seventh leader of Chabad-Lubavitch, lived in Nikolayev and Dnieperptrosk (Ukraine), Leningrad, Berlin, Warsaw, Paris and New York; built upon and expanded his predecessors’ work to revolutionize Jewish life across the globe; known simply as “the Rebbe”'], article_count: [403], kid: [1242],relatedArticleUrl: '/therebbe/default_cdo/jewish/TheRebbeorg.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'The Rebbe: Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_30864']={word: 'Lubavitch', text: ['(lit. “town of love”) townlet in the county of Mohilev, White Russia, which served as the center of the Chabad Chassidism for four generations, from 1813 to 1915 and whose name has become synonymous with the movement.'], article_count: [357], kid: [10016],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/244369/jewish/About-Chabad-Lubavitch.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'About Chabad-Lubavitch',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_31049']={word: 'Jerusalem', text: ['holiest city; capital of Israel; site of the Holy Temple'], article_count: [82], kid: [1571],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/4246466/jewish/Jerusalem.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'Jerusalem',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_31312']={word: 'Yeshivah', text: ['Academies of Torah learning.'], article_count: [73], kid: [8069],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/4407857/jewish/What-Is-a-Yeshiva.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'What Is a Yeshiva?',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_31872']={word: 'Yitzchak', text: ['(a) (1713-1533 BCE) Second of the three <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=2174\">Patriarchs</a>, son of <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=220\">Abraham</a>\
\
and <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=221\">Sarah</a>, husband of <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1476\">Rebecca</a>, father of <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1477\">Jacob</a> \
\
and <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1478\">Esau</a>. First to be circumcised when eight days old. Readily accompanied his father to be sacrificed at the “<a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=4555\">Binding of Isaac</a>.” Primarily occupied himself with <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=13361\">digging wells</a>. (b) A common Jewish name.'], article_count: [90], kid: [2202],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/3937311/jewish/Isaac.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'Isaac',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_32100']={word: 'Chanukah', text: ['(lit. “rededication”); eight-day festival beginning on 25 Kislev, celebrating the Maccabees’ recapture of the second Temple from the Syrian Greeks, and its rededication, marked by the kindling of lights on a menorah or chanukiah'], article_count: [1453], kid: [134],relatedArticleUrl: '/holidays/chanukah/default_cdo/jewish/Chanukah-Hanukkah-2025.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'Chanukah - Hanukkah 2025',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_32449']={word: 'Yeshiva', text: ['Academies of Torah learning.'], article_count: [73], kid: [8069],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/4407857/jewish/What-Is-a-Yeshiva.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'What Is a Yeshiva?',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_32541']={word: 'Yiddish', text: ['the traditional language of Ashkenazic Jewry, spoken over the course of 1000 years in Central and Eastern Europe, and around the world.'], article_count: [25], kid: [12556],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/4157123/jewish/Yiddish.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'Yiddish',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_33661']={word: 'Shmuel', text: [' (931-877 BCE) Son of <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1355\">Hannah</a> and <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=11970\">Elkanah</a>, a <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=10583\">nazirite</a> from birth, a disciple of <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1357\">Eli</a> the last of the <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=11942\">Judges</a>, he would travel throughout Israel to teach and judge the people. Anointed <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=11969\">Saul</a> and <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=2417\">David</a>, the first two Israelite monarchs.'], article_count: [31], kid: [1356],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/463952/jewish/Samuel-and-Saul.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'Samuel and Saul',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_33730']={word: 'Chabad', text: ['An acronym for Chochmoh, Binah, Da\'at (wisdom, understanding and knowledge); the name of a chassidic movement – predicated on the concept of studying and understanding G-d and His relationship with the world – founded by Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi in White Russia in the latter part of the 18th century. This movement is also known as Lubavitch, or Chabad-Lubavitch.'], article_count: [357], kid: [10016],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/244369/jewish/About-Chabad-Lubavitch.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'About Chabad-Lubavitch',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_33765']={word: 'Nefesh', text: ['(a) soul; (b) the lowest of the five levels of the soul'], article_count: [0], kid: [11050],relatedArticleUrl: '',relatedArticleTitle: '',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_33897']={word: 'Nissan', text: ['the Hebrew month in which Passover falls; mandated by the Torah to occur in the spring.'], article_count: [24], kid: [144],relatedArticleUrl: '/parshah/article_cdo/aid/2842/jewish/Our-Other-Head.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'Our Other Head',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_33947']={word: 'Shevat', text: ['Hebrew month corresponding to January-February'], article_count: [10], kid: [2971],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/2099530/jewish/Shevat.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'The Jewish Month of Shevat',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_34069']={word: 'Israel', text: ['Means \"prince of G-d\"; Israel is (a) another name for the patriarch <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1477\">Jacob</a> (b) the <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=2500\">Jewish people</a> (c) an Israelite - a Jew who is neither a <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=9213\">Kohen</a> nor a <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1530\">Levite</a> (d) a common given name (e) the <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1569\">Land of Israel</a>.'], article_count: [0], kid: [13343],relatedArticleUrl: '',relatedArticleTitle: '',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_34792']={word: 'Kotel', text: ['the western retaining wall of the Temple Mount, the last remnant of the Temple in Jerusalem'], article_count: [49], kid: [1570],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/588219/jewish/Western-Wall-Kotel.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'The Western Wall (Kotel)',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_35047']={word: 'Nisan', text: ['the Hebrew month in which Passover falls; mandated by the Torah to occur in the spring.'], article_count: [24], kid: [144],relatedArticleUrl: '/parshah/article_cdo/aid/2842/jewish/Our-Other-Head.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'Our Other Head',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_35052']={word: 'Torah', text: ['(lit. teaching) (a) The Five Books of Moses (The Bible); (b) the overall body of Jewish religious teachings encompassing the whole body of Jewish law, practice and tradition'], article_count: [28864], kid: [1199],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/1426382/jewish/Torah.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'What Is the Torah?',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_35063']={word: 'Rivka', text: ['(a) (1677- approx. 1554 BCE) Second of the four <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=12180\">Matriarchs</a>, wife of <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=2202\"> Isaac</a>, mother of <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1477\">Jacob</a>\
\
and <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1478\">Esau</a>. Grew up in Padan Aram, amongst pagans, but remained a pristine “rose amongst thorns.” Orchestrated Jacob’s <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=10020\">obtaining Isaac’s blessings</a>. (b) A common Jewish name.'], article_count: [46], kid: [1476],relatedArticleUrl: '/multimedia/video_cdo/aid/2111873/jewish/The-If-Only-Attitude.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'The “If Only” Attitude',isVideo: true,};glossary_items['g_35145']={word: 'Rebbe', text: ['(lit. master) (a) A <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1199\">Torah</a> teacher. (b) Since the founding of the <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=2534\">Chassidic</a> movement, the term Rebbe has been used primarily to refer to the leaders of Chassidic groups. (c) Today, \"the Rebbe\" is often a reference to Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson, <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1242\">the Lubavitcher Rebbe</a>, of righteous memory.'], article_count: [0], kid: [11449],relatedArticleUrl: '',relatedArticleTitle: '',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_35563']={word: 'Yosef', text: ['(a) (1562-1452 BCE) Son of <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1477\">Jacob</a> and <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=2283\">Rachel</a>, eleventh of the <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=7080\">Twelve Tribes</a>. \
\
As the oldest son of his favored wife, Jacob loved him dearly and gave him preferential treatment, causing Joseph\'s brothers to envy him and <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=2356\">sell him into slavery</a>. He landed in Egypt, where, after enduring slavery and prison, he interpreted <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=10059\">Pharaoh’s puzzling dreams</a> and became viceroy of the land. During the famine that followed he brought his family down to Egypt, setting the stage for their <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=7113\">slavery</a> and ultimately their <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=299\">Exodus</a>. Buried in Joseph’s Tomb in <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=13067\">Shechem</a>. (b) A common Jewish name.'], article_count: [171], kid: [2224],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/143035/jewish/The-Story-of-Joseph-in-the-Bible.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'The Story of Joseph in the Bible',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_35641']={word: 'Tamuz', text: ['Hebrew month corresponding to June-July; the Three Weeks of mourning for the destruction of the Beit Hamkidash begin in this month'], article_count: [8], kid: [11194],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/2263474/jewish/Tammuz.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'The Hebrew Month of Tammuz',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_35787']={word: 'Elul', text: ['the Hebrew month devoted to repentance and soul-searching in preparation for the High Holy Days; occurs in late summer'], article_count: [167], kid: [160],relatedArticleUrl: '/holidays/JewishNewYear/template_cdo/aid/4685/jewish/Month-of-Elul.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'The Month of Elul',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_36191']={word: 'Adar', text: ['twelfth month in the Jewish calendar; the month in which Purim is celebrated'], article_count: [42], kid: [140],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/2263483/jewish/Adar-Adar-II.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'The Hebrew Month of Adar (& Adar II)',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_36429']={word: 'Dina', text: ['(a) Daughter of <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1477\">Jacob</a> and <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=1653\">Leah</a>. Abducted and violated by <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=9999\">Shechem the son Hamor</a>, and rescued by her brothers <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=7482\">Simeon</a> and <a href=\"/search/keyword.asp?kid=9130\">Levi</a>. (b) A common Jewish name.'], article_count: [8], kid: [1652],relatedArticleUrl: '/library/article_cdo/aid/5706943/jewish/Dinah-in-the-Bible.htm',relatedArticleTitle: 'Dinah in the Bible',isVideo: false,};glossary_items['g_36667']={word: 'Reb', text: ['(a) a short form of “Rebbe,” used as a title prefacing a name; (b) colloq., used with the name of any adult male, approx. equivalent to the English “Mister”'], article_count: [0], kid: [11455],relatedArticleUrl: '',relatedArticleTitle: '',isVideo: false,};
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